通过计算很显然：基本事件X17对顶上事件发生的影响最大，基本事件X14,X15,X14的影响次之，而其它基本事件的影响较小。

3.1 management system

　　建立健全各种管理制度，制定符合桥式起重机的安全规章制度。严格按照国家标准《起重机吊运指挥信号》(GB5082—85)的规定，除矿井提升设备和载人电梯外，使用其它其中机械作业时，实现全国统一的起重吊运指挥信号。对在用起重机要进行认真的检查，如存在隐患，应及时采取措施，限期消除；维修保养不彻底的起重机禁止投入使用；严格防止侥幸和冒险的行为发生，真正树立以人为本的原则，树立“安全第一、预防为主”的方针。

Establish and perfect the management system, develop to comply with the safety rules and regulations of bridge crane. In strict accordance with the national standard " crane " command signal ( GB5082 - 85 ) regulations, except for the equipment and the passenger elevator in mine hoist, the use of other mechanical operation, to achieve the national unified commanding signal for lifting and moving. For serious examination in the crane to, such as the existence of hidden dangers, should take timely measures, eliminate the deadline; repair maintenance is not completely banned the Crane put into use; strictly prevent the occurrence of luck and risky behavior, truly people-oriented principle, establish the "safety first, prevention first " approach.

　　3.2操作原则

3.2 principles of operation

　　起重机操作的要领是稳、准、快、安全、合理。稳是指在起升和运行过程中，吊钩和吊运物应停于所需要的位置，不产生游摆和晃动；准是指能把吊钩平稳准确地停在所需要的位置；快是指在稳和准的基础上，使各运行机构协调地配合工作，以最少的时间，最近的运行距离完成吊运工作。这里所说的稳、准、快、安全、合理几个方面是互相联系、不可分割的。不稳不准就不能快；不保证安全生产，常出事故，快也就失去意义；只注意安全而不快，也就不能充分发挥起重机的效率；如果操作不合理，不但影响快，而且影响设备寿命。只要做到稳、准、快、安全、合理地操作，才能充分发挥起重机在生产中的作用。

Crane operation method is stable, accurate, fast, safe, reasonable. Stability refers to the lifting and running process, hook and lifting objects should be stopped in the required position, do not produce swim swing and sway; quasi refers to hook smoothly and accurately stop at the required position; fast refers to the stable and accurate basis, the operation mechanism of coordination with the work, to minimize the time, running distance recently completed the hoisting working. Here said the steady, accurate, fast, safe, reasonable aspects are interrelated, inseparable. Instability not cannot quickly; do not guarantee safety in production, often out of the accident, soon will lose its significance; only safety first and not fast, it can not give full play to the efficiency of crane; if the operation is not reasonable, not only affect the speed, but also affect the life of the equipment. As long as the steady, accurate, fast, safe, reasonable operation, in order to give full play to the role of the crane in the production.

　　3.3

3.3 safety education

　　桥式起重机在工作过程中，由于指挥不当，缺乏经验，考虑不周，捆绑不牢，或司机操作不合理，精神不集中，或者设备有未被排除的故障，带病工作的原因，都可能造成人身或设备事故。因此经常进行 是很有必要的。 有定期教育和班前教育两种形式。

Bridge crane in the work process, due to mismanagement, lack of experience, ill-conceived, binding is not strong, or the operation of the driver is not reasonable, spirit is not focused, or equipment is not excluded, cause sick work, may be caused by accident or equipment. Therefore, regular safety education is very necessary. Safety education and regular education and class education in two forms.

　　(1)定期教育。定期教育一般是由厂安全技术部门根据具体情况定期(一年或半年)组织全厂起重司机学习有关安全生产知识，主要内容是：①对安全操作规程进行详细解释；②学习交流有关起重机安全技术、检验的知识；③从本厂和外厂的事故例证中总结经验教训；④总结推广本厂和外厂的安全生产经验。

( 1 ) regular education. Regular education is generally made of plant safety technology department according to the specific situation of regular ( or half a year ) organize crane drivers to learn the knowledge of production safety, the main content is as follows: a detailed explanation on the safety operation rules; learning the crane safety technology, test knowledge; from the accident example factory and outside plant in summing up experience; experience, summed up the promotion of safe production factory and outside plant.

　　(2)班前教育。班前教育每天由生产班长、安全员、带班司机利用接班前的几分钟时间，向全班司机讲述有关安全生产的注意事项，其内容一般有以下几方面：①交流本班组与兄弟单位安全生产的经验与教训；②指出本班组安全生产的薄弱环节，交待应注意事项，及时堵塞事故漏洞；③讲述安全生产有关知识，提醒司机正确使用防护用品等。

( 2 ) the education before class. Before the class education daily by the production monitor, security guards, drivers use a succession of a few minutes before, to the class driver about notes on safety production, its content has the following several aspects:①communication safety production in this team and the brothers of the experience and lessons;②pointed out the weak link of the safety production, explain the matters needing attention, timely accident holes; the knowledge about the safety in production, to remind the driver of the proper use of protective equipment.

　　3.4使用过程中要遵守“十不吊”的原则

Adhere to the " ten not hanging " principle to the use of the 3.4 process

　　起重吊运“十不吊”规定的内容是前人用生命和鲜血换来的教训，是起重吊运操作规程的基本内容，是起重作业安全管理的核心内容之一，是起重吊运作业人员必须掌握的最基本的安全操作规程。主要有：①超载或被吊重量不明时不吊；②指挥信号不明确时不吊；③捆绑，吊挂不牢或不平衡，可能引起吊物滑动时不吊；④被吊物上有人或有浮置物时不吊；⑤起重机结构或零部件有影响安全工作的缺陷或损伤，如制动器及安全装置失灵、吊钩螺母防松装置损坏，钢丝绳损伤达到报废标准时不吊；⑥遇有拉力不清的埋置物时不吊；⑦外拉斜吊重物时不吊；⑧工作场地昏暗，无法看清场地被吊物和指挥信号时不吊；⑨重物棱角处与捆绑钢丝绳之间未加衬垫时不吊；⑩钢(铁)水包装得太满时不吊。

Lifting and moving " ten not hanging " provisions of the predecessors with the life and blood for the lesson, is lifting the basic content of the operating rules, is one of the core content of lifting operation safety management, is lifting operations personnel must master basic safety rules. Mainly has:①overload or hanging weight unknown not hanging; the command signal is not clear not hanging;③bound, hanging is not firm or imbalance, may cause hanging sliding without hanging;④be hanging on someone or a floating storage when not hanging; the crane structure or components affect safety defects or damage the whole work, such as brake and safety device failure, hook nut anti-loosing device damage, damage of rope to be scrapped not hanging;⑥in pull not clear onplants not hanging; the pull cable lifting not hanging; the dark workplace, cannot see clear suspended matter and command signal is not hanging; between the heavy edges and tied rope without liner is not hanging; and steel ( iron ) water packaging too full without hanging.

桥式起重作业也是事故发生频繁的作业，从事起重吊运的作业人员，必须要有一定的安全生产技术知识，具有高度责任感，熟练掌握起重吊运的操作规程和一些规章制度，始终注意遵守“安全第一，预防为主”的国家安全生产八字方针，贯彻落实以人为本的理念。为了确保桥式起重机的安全作业，提高生产率，各个企业单位同时也应该安装各类可靠灵敏的安全装置，经常开展员工 ，经常注意开展安全检查，制定详细的安全检查表，时刻注意桥式起重机的保养和管理工作。

Bridge crane operation and accident frequent operation, engaged in heavy lifting operations personnel, must have certain knowledge of safe production technology, with a high sense of responsibility, master crane operation rules. And some rules and regulations, always pay attention to the " safety first, prevention first " national safe production the eight-character policy, implement the people-oriented concept. In order to ensure the safe operation of bridge crane, improve productivity, the enterprises should also be equipped with safety devices of various kinds of reliable and sensitive, often carry out employee safety education, often pay attention to carry out safety inspection, formulate detailed safety check list, always pay attention to the maintenance and management of bridge crane.