Equipment containing water can be deteriorated by inside freezing. Insulation and automatic drain conditions must be checked before the arrival of low temperatures.

含水的设备可能会由于设备里的冰而受损。在气温降低之前，必须对保温和自动排水的情况进行检查。

Slipping can be reduced if employees:

要避免滑倒，员工需做到以下一点：

·         wear adapted shoes that provide enough traction on the ground

·         穿着合适的能提供足够附着力的鞋

·         take time and pay attention to where they are going

·         花时间关注一下目的地

·         take special care while walking in wet weather and at night and when walking across lawns, parking lots, and walkways. Whenever possible, keep off the grass because, when frozen, it does not provide enough traction to prevent a slip

·         当天气潮湿的晚上，行走在草坪、停车场和人行道上时，要格外的小心。尽可能避开结冰的草，因为它不能提供足够的摩擦力来避免滑倒。

·         walk on level surfaces whenever possible.

·         尽可能的走在水平的地面上。

·         adjust their stride to a pace that is suitable for the walking surface and the tasks they are doing. Take short, flat steps, keeping the heels and soles of the shoes in contact with the soil

·         调整步伐以适应行走路面以及正在进行的工作。步幅短且平，保持鞋跟和鞋底与地面的接触。

·         walk with the feet pointed slightly outward

·         走路时脚尖稍稍冲外。

·         make wide turns at corners.

·         转弯时尽量拐的大一点。

·         take short cuts is dangerous and must be avoided.

·         走捷径是危险的，应当被禁止

·         Use handrails when available.

·         有扶手时，请使用扶手。

The risk of indoor fires increases during the winter when people spend more time inside and sometimes use standard electric heaters with inadequate electric connections.

冬季更容易发生室内火灾，因为人们会花更多的时间呆在屋子里，而且有些时候人们虽然使用的是标准的电加热器，但并没有正确的进行连接。

·         Plan driving in advance

·         提前对驾驶进行计划

·         Avoid driving when tired

·         不要疲劳驾驶

·         Check weather conditions before travel

·         临行前检查天气状况

·         Plan arrival time at a destination by taking into account any delays due to slower traffic, reduced visibility, roadblocks, collisions, ...

·         预计到达目的地的时间时要考虑一切可能的延误，如：交通缓慢、能见度低、路障、碰撞，等。

·         Warm up vehicle before driving off. It reduces moisture condensing on the inside of the windows.

·         开车前，先着车升温。这样可以减低车窗里湿气的凝结。

·         Never warm up vehicle in a closed garage.

·         不要在关闭的车库里预热车辆。

·         Remove snow and ice from vehicle. It helps to see and also to be seen.

·         清理车上的雪和冰，这样有助于你的观察，别人也比较容易注意到你。

·         Inspect your windshield wipers to ensure they move freely and make full contact with the windshield, and make sure the windshield washer antifreeze reservoir is full.

·         检查挡风玻璃上的雨刷，保证它们可以正常活动且与挡风玻璃完全接触，并且要确保挡风玻璃的清洗防冻液是满的。

·         Check the strength of car batteries as part of the vehicle maintenance program

·         把汽车电池电量的检查作为车辆维修保养程序的一部分。

·         Buckle up safety belt before driving. Keep safety belt buckled at all times

·         驾驶前带好安全带，时时刻刻保持扣紧安全带。

·         Slow down:indicated speed limits are for ideal travel conditions. Driving at reduced speeds is the best precautionary measure against any misfortune while driving on slippery roads

·         减速：最高限速是指在理想的驾驶条件下可以达到的速度。在湿滑的路面路面上驾驶时，减速是最好的预防措施。

·         Be alert

·         时刻警惕

·         Reduce speed while approaching intersections covered with ice or snow

·         当接近有冰或雪的十字路口时，一定要减速。

·         Allow for extra travelling time or even consider delaying a trip if the weather is inclement

·         如果天气非常恶劣，应延长旅行时间，甚至考虑延误行程。

·         Drive with low-beam headlights on. This makes your vehicle more visible

·         驾驶时请使用近光前灯，这会使别人更容易看到你。

·         Lengthen your following distance behind the vehicle ahead of you. Stopping distance on an icy road is double that of stopping on a dry one. For example, from around 50 meters at the speed of 60 km/h, to 100 meters on an icy road surface

·         增大与前车之间的距离。结冰路面的制动距离是在干燥路面的两倍，也就是说，以60km/h的速度行驶，如果干燥路面的制动距离是50米的话，那么结冰路面的制动距离将是100米。

·         Stay in the right-hand lane except when passing and use turn signals when changing lanes

·         请呆在右车道除非你要超车，变换车道时请打转向灯。

·         Steer with smooth and precise movements. Changing lanes too quickly and jerky steering while braking or accelerating can cause skidding

·         平稳且精确得转向。快换车道和急动转向时的制动或加速可以导致汽车打滑。

·         Be aware and slow down when seeing a sign warning a bridge. Steel and concrete bridges are likely to be icy even when there is no ice on the asphalt surface

·         过桥时要格外注意，并要减速。即使沥青路面上没有冰，钢筋混凝土的桥梁也很容易打滑。

·         Be patient and pass other cars only when it is safe to do so.

·         行车时要耐心，只有在确保安全的情况下才可以超车。

·         If you start to skid, do not brake and do not accelerate

·         当你的车开始打滑时，不要刹车，也不要加速。

Drains are particularly exposed to freezing. They must be specifically monitored. They must be totally checked in autumn before the occurrence of freezing temperatures. Shift-leaders must ensure the follow-up and if necessary ask for maintenance. After any shut-down of steam longer than four hours when the temperature is lower than 0 degrees, the condition of the drains must be checked.

导淋管特别容易被冻。必须对它们进行专门的检查。在秋天，当冰点温度到来之前就必须对其进行检查。车间应确保发现问题的解决，必要时要找人维修。当温度低于零摄氏度且关闭蒸汽超过4小时或更短的时间内，必须对导淋进行检查。

Steam and electrical tracers must be listed and checked.

蒸汽和电加热伴热必须列表进行检查。

Anti-freezing instructions must be studied and drilled in each plant and complied with when the outside temperature is lower than 0°C. They must include normal operations, specific shut-down procedures of installations or part of installations and stand-by situations. They must apply to all equipment, utility and product lines.

每个车间都要重新学习防冻的操作程序并进行演练，当室外温度低于零摄氏度时，一定要严格遵守此防冻的操作程序。防冻的操作程序必须包括正常操作、装置或装置一部分的关闭以及全线停车。操作程序必须适合于所有的设备、公用工程和生产线。

When it is necessary, these instructions must include following items:

必要时，防冻操作程序应包括以下内容：

·         Control and cleaning of steam drains and specific valves

·         蒸汽管道的导淋及疏水器和特殊阀门的管理和排干净水

·         Control of insulation of pipes and equipment

·         管道和设备的保温控制

·         Control of steam heating pipes and electrical heating

·         蒸汽伴热和电加热的控制

·         By-pass of specific pipes, pumps and equipment

·         特殊管道、泵和设备的旁路

·         Careful bleed of equipment and drain of pipes during shut-downs or when not used

·         在停车或设备停用期间，请小心进行管道和设备的排水

If some equipment must be kept at a specific temperature, it will be checked at least one times per hour by shift.

如果某些设备必须保持在一个特定的温度时，那么班组至少每小时检查1次。

Specific measures for water supply of fire-extinguishing devices and safety showers must be set-up.

必须建立起灭火装置和安全淋浴防冻、正常供水的具体措施。