导航: >> 职业卫生>> 个体防护>>正文

个人防护用品的选择和使用

  
评论: 更新日期:2014年06月22日

        个人防护用品,特别是呼吸保护器,可能不适合于连续使用。
        PPE may not always be worn properly.
        个人防护用品可能被不合适地穿戴。
        For these reasons the use of PPE is generally regarded as less acceptable than the other means of control previously described.  Nevertheless, there are many circumstances (e.g. maintenance and emergency response) where it is the only feasible control option.
        鉴于这些理由,使用个人防护用品的可接受程度通常比所述的其它控制手段来得低。然而,在许多情况下它是可以选择的控制手段,例如维修和应急反应。
        6. MANAGEMENT OF PPE
        个人防护用品程序的管理
        The use of personal protective equipment provides a means for controlling individual exposure to a particular hazard but its use needs to be considered carefully before a decision is taken to adopt PPE as the control option.
        个人防护用品的使用为暴露于特定的危害环境下的人员提供了一种控制手段,但是在决定使用它们作为控制手段前,必须经过仔细的考虑。
        · Selection
            选择
        Only a suitably competent person can undertake to select PPE.  All PPE that is intended to be used on the ** site must be inspected and approved by a ** HSE Department Representative and such equipment must meet internationally recognized standards. At ** PPE is considered the last line of defense and assurances must be made that alternative methods of controlling the hazard and risk are technically suitable.   
        只有合适的有资格的人才能选择个人劳动保护用品。所有要在**现场使用的个人防护用品须经过** HSE部门代表的检查和批准,这些设备必须符合国际公认标准。在**,个人保护用品被认为是最后的防线,必须作出保证在控制危险和风险的可选择的方案在技术上是合适的。
        · Fitting
        适宜性
        When PPE is first issued, an adequate fit must be ensured under supervision.  In some cases user should be trained to check the fit whenever the equipment is used.  This is particularly important for the use of Respiratory Protective Equipment.
        在首次发放使用个人防护用品时,必须监督确保其适宜性。在有些情况下使用设备时,使用者应经过培训知道如何检查设备是否适用,使用呼吸设备尤为重要。
        · Health Aspects
        健康方面
        The use of PPE can have an impact on an employee's health, (e.g. skin irritation, heat stress).  Certain medical conditions may make it difficult to use certain equipment.
        使用个人防护用品可能会影响员工的健康(例如,皮肤过敏、热中风)。有些员工的身体状况可能使他难以使用一些设备。
        · Compatibility
        兼容性
        If more than one type of PPE is required to be worn simultaneously, then the compatibility of the individual items need to be evaluated.  The PPE also needs to be compatible with the tasks involved.
        如果要求同时穿戴一种以上的个人防护用品时,则需要评估单个用品之间的兼容性。另外,个人防护用品还须与所执行的任务相兼容。
          
        · Issue
        发放
        Provision should be made to control the issue of PPE to employees, remembering that several types of equipment may be available.  Employee's may not be fully aware of the limitations of particular types and may ask for the wrong one.  This may lead to incorrect application.
        应制定个人防护用品发放规定,记住,可能会使用几种保护用品。雇员可能并不完全知道特定用品的局限性,可能申请了错误的种类,这可能导致不正确的应用。
        · Proper Use
        合适的使用
        PPE is effective only if worn properly for the appropriate tasks.
        只有在穿戴合适的个人防护用品,做相对应的工作时,个人防护用品才起作用。
        The consistent use of PPE by management and supervisory staff, employee encouragement and enforcement of site standards of use are critically important if high levels of compliance are to be attained and maintained.  Personal protective equipment that can provide the protection that it was designed for when it is properly used.  Personal protective equipment that is not worn properly may not provide anything more than false confidence.
        如果想要达到和保持高标准的执行制度的水平,管理层和主管人员使用个人防护用品对于按照现场要求鼓励和强制员工使用个人防护用品是重要的。个人保护用品根据设计在合适的使用时能够提供保护,不正确的佩戴根本不能起到保护作用。
        · Cleaning and Maintenance of PPE
        个人防护用品的清洁和维护
        An effective system of PPE maintenance, such as eye glass cleaning stations is essential to make sure the equipment continues to provide the degree of protection for which it was designed. 
        为确保设备能持续提供其既定的保护目的,有一个有效的维护个人防护用品的系统是至关重要的,例如眼镜清洗站。
        7. INFORMATION, INSTRUCTION AND TRAINING
        信息、指令和培训
        When an employee is provided with PPE, that employee must be provided with information, instruction and training as is adequate and appropriate to enable the employee to know:
        当员工被提供了个人防护用品时,该员工就应该获得相应的信息、指令和培训,使员工能够知道:
        a) The risk or risks, which the PPE will avoid or limit.
        该个人防护用品所要避免或消除的风险。
        b) The purpose for which and the manner in which PPE is to be used.
        使用该个人防护用品的目的和使用方法。
        c) Any action to be taken by the employee to ensure that the PPE remains in an effective state, in efficient working order and in good repair.
        员工应该采取的行动,以保证个人防护用品处于有效的状态、高效的工作次序和得到良好的修补。
        9. Contractor PPE Obligation
           承包商在个人保护用品方面的责任
        The contractor is obligated to pay for and provide to their employees, free of charge, all necessary and proper PPE according to **'S standards and requirements.  In general, all staff working at site is required to wear a hard hat, safety glasses and hard toed protective shoes at a minimum. During special operations, employees will also be provided by the contractor, free of charge, with any additional protection as required such as hearing-protection, face shields, leather gloves etc.  The contractor will provide their employees with training in the proper use and care of the supplied PPE.
        承包商有责任按照**的要求和标准为他们的员工购买和提供免费的合适的劳动保护用品。通常,员工在现场工作时至少需要戴好安全帽、安全眼镜和保护脚趾的防护鞋。对于特殊的操作,承包商还需要免费为雇员提供另外的保护如耳罩、面罩、皮革手套等。承包商必须提供培训,指导劳动保护用品的正确使用,并要关心劳动保护用品的补给。
        10.   SUPERVISION
        监督
        Compliance with the PPE Program is unlikely to be successful unless management and supervisory personnel are knowledgeable in regard to the PPE requirements and they are held accountable for the consistent and effective use of the PPE.  As a general rule, management and supervisory staff can have a tremendous positive impact on their employees in regard to PPE, by setting the example by wearing the appropriate PPE and enforcing site rules in regard to PPE when required.
        除非管理层和主管不具备对劳动保护用品的丰富知识和对劳动保护用品的协调性和效果负有责任,那么个人劳动保护用品的计划就不可能取得成功。作为一个总的原则,管理层和主管穿戴合适的个人劳动保护用品和执行现场需要的劳动保护用品规则对他们的雇员注重个人劳动保护用品有着极大的积极的影响力。
       

网友评论 more
创想安科网站简介会员服务广告服务业务合作提交需求会员中心在线投稿版权声明友情链接联系我们
Baidu
map